> ## Content Index > Fetch the complete content index at: https://www.bodiesburied.com/llms.txt > Use this file to discover other available public pages before exploring further. # Federal Robbery Sentences in the Northern District of Ohio, FY2016–2025 - URL: https://www.bodiesburied.com/trends/federal-robbery-sentences-northern-district-of-ohio/ - Published: 2026-11-04T10:35:17.000Z - Updated: 2026-11-04T10:35:17.000Z - Description: Trials in federal robbery cases in the Northern District of Ohio were followed by much longer prison terms than guilty pleas. The median was 198.5 months after a trial (20 people) and 92 months after a guilty plea (242 people). The overall median prison term for the 262 people sentenced in fiscal ye - Author: Jocelyn C. Stewart - Tags: Understanding Trends, Federal [Trends](https://www.bodiesburied.com/trends/) › [Federal Prosecution Analysis](https://www.bodiesburied.com/trends/federal/) › [Federal Sentences in the Northern District of Ohio, FY2016–2](https://www.bodiesburied.com/trends/federal-district-northern-district-of-ohio/) › Robbery: Northern District of Ohio **In brief:** Trials in federal robbery cases in the Northern District of Ohio were followed by much longer prison terms than guilty pleas. The median was 198.5 months after a trial (20 people) and 92 months after a guilty plea (242 people). The overall median prison term for the 262 people sentenced in fiscal years 2016 to 2025 was 102 months (8.5 years). Updated November 4, 2026 · Sources: U.S. Sentencing Commission and Federal Judicial Center, fiscal years 2016–2025 This post uses the U.S. Sentencing Commission's records of 262 people sentenced in federal court in fiscal years 2016 to 2025\. Acquittals and dismissals come from a second source, the Federal Judicial Center's records of 753,808 federal defendants whose cases ended in fiscal years 2016 to 2025\. It is part of the [Federal Prosecution Analysis](https://www.bodiesburied.com/trends/federal/) series, which builds on [Military Moves Toward Sentencing Guidelines to Mirror the Federal System](https://www.bodiesburied.com/trends/military-sentencing-guidelines-federal-system/). How the numbers were built: [How the Federal Comparison Data Was Built](https://www.bodiesburied.com/trends/federal-data-methodology/). ## Pleas Compared With Trials Of the 262 people sentenced, 242 (92%) pleaded guilty and 20 were convicted after a trial. Across all 94 federal districts, 95% of robbery cases ended in a guilty plea. The gap between 92 months and 198.5 months does not measure what a trial costs a defendant. People who go to trial may differ in the facts of the case, in the charges, and in criminal history. Among the guilty pleas, 71% had a written plea agreement and 29% were straight pleas with no agreement. ## The Overall Prison Term 261 of the 262 people (more than 99%) received a prison term, and 1 received probation only. The median was 102 months. A quarter received 147 months or more, and a quarter received 63 months or less. The terms are those imposed, not time served. Supervised release was ordered for 261 people, with a median term of 36 months. Restitution was ordered for 206 (79%), and no fine was ordered. ## Mandatory Minimums and the Guideline Range A mandatory minimum prison term applied to 106 of the 262 people (40%). The guideline range is the sentencing range that the Commission's manual produces for each case. 130 people (50%) were sentenced within it. 62 (24%) were below the range at the government's request, 58 (22%) were below it without a request, and 12 (5%) were above it. Across all districts, 40% of robbery sentences were within the range. For all offenses in this district it was 43%. ## Compared With All Districts The Commission counted 14,845 people for robbery in all districts. 99% were sent to prison, and the median was 90 months. The district's median of 102 months is higher. Robbery cases were 3% of the 7,866 people sentenced in the district over this period. The district's median for all offenses together was 46 months, and 96% of its cases ended in a guilty plea. ## One Guideline, One Criminal History Pattern All 262 cases used the same primary guideline, §2B3.1 (Robbery). In the lowest criminal history category were 23% of the group, and 19% were in the highest. Court-martial records have no criminal history field. ## Yearly Counts The district sentenced 105 people in fiscal years 2016 to 2019 and 157 in fiscal years 2020 to 2025\. The fiscal year runs from October 1 through the following September. Each year has 21 to 31 people. A median from a group this size can change when a few cases differ, so the table does not show a trend. | Fiscal year | People sentenced | Median prison | Pleaded guilty | | ----------- | ---------------- | ------------- | -------------- | | 2016 | 25 | 92 months | 96% | | 2017 | 30 | 118.5 months | 83% | | 2018 | 25 | 87 months | 88% | | 2019 | 25 | 97 months | 100% | | 2020 | 30 | 114.5 months | 83% | | 2021 | 24 | 75.5 months | 100% | | 2022 | 26 | 113 months | 92% | | 2023 | 21 | 102 months | 100% | | 2024 | 31 | 84 months | 94% | | 2025 | 25 | 120 months | 92% | ## What the Records Cannot Show Only people who were convicted and sentenced are in the data. Acquittals and dismissals are not. The records do not say whether a weapon was used or describe any case's facts. ### How We Counted Everyone sentenced in federal court in the Northern District of Ohio (U.S. Sentencing Commission district label "Ohio North") in fiscal years 2016 to 2025 whose offense type was "Robbery" (262). Offense types are the Commission's OFFGUIDE categories. Federal fiscal years run from October 1 to September 30\. No person, judge, or lawyer is identified in any of these records. ### What to Keep in Mind **No parole in federal prison; credit for good conduct.** Federal prison has no parole for crimes committed on or after November 1, 1987\. A federal prisoner can earn up to 54 days of good conduct credit for each year of the sentence the judge imposed, which is about 15%. Some federal prisoners can also earn First Step Act time credits, but many offenses make a person ineligible. The numbers in this post are the sentences judges imposed, not the time people actually served. **Federal supervised release.** Most federal prison sentences are followed by a term of supervised release that the judge sets as part of the sentence. A person who violates it can be sent back to prison. A court-martial cannot sentence anyone to supervision after release. Military parole and mandatory supervised release are decided later by a board, not by the judge at trial. **Who decides the sentence, and under what rules.** Federal judges sentence every federal case. They must calculate the Sentencing Guidelines range, which is advisory, and must impose any mandatory minimum the statute requires unless an exception applies. In courts-martial, the accused could choose sentencing by members until the rules changed. For cases in which every guilty finding is for an offense committed after December 27, 2023, a military judge sentences alone, within sentencing parameters. Courts-martial tried in 2024 and later include both old-rule and new-rule cases, and the data cannot tell them apart. **Time periods.** Federal numbers are by federal fiscal year (October 1 to September 30), based on the sentencing date. The military numbers are by trial date. Neither source has the date of the offense, so a change in law shows up in either data set gradually. **How life sentences and "time served" are counted.** In the federal numbers, a life sentence is counted as 470 months, and any other sentence longer than 470 months is counted as just under 470 months. A sentence of "time served" is counted as one day (0.03 months). Averages are affected by these rules; medians much less. **Mandatory minimum sentences.** Many federal statutes on drugs, images of child exploitation, child sex abuse, and firearms carry mandatory minimum prison terms. The UCMJ has mandatory minimums only for a few offenses (a dishonorable discharge or dismissal for rape and sexual assault, and life for premeditated murder). Federal sentences for these offenses are partly set by Congress, not by the judge. ## Related Analysis - [Military Moves Toward Sentencing Guidelines to Mirror the Federal System](https://www.bodiesburied.com/trends/military-sentencing-guidelines-federal-system/) (the background article) - [Federal Prosecution Analysis](https://www.bodiesburied.com/trends/federal/) (all federal posts) - [How the Federal Comparison Data Was Built](https://www.bodiesburied.com/trends/federal-data-methodology/) (sources and method) - [Federal Sentences in the Northern District of Ohio, FY2016–2025](https://www.bodiesburied.com/trends/federal-district-northern-district-of-ohio/) (overview) - [Federal Drug Trafficking Sentences in the Northern District of Ohio, FY2016–2025](https://www.bodiesburied.com/trends/federal-drug-trafficking-sentences-northern-district-of-ohio/) (same district, other offense type) - [Federal Firearms Sentences in the Northern District of Ohio, FY2016–2025](https://www.bodiesburied.com/trends/federal-firearms-sentences-northern-district-of-ohio/) (same district, other offense type) - [Federal Fraud, Theft, and Embezzlement Sentences in the Northern District of Ohio, FY2016–2025](https://www.bodiesburied.com/trends/federal-fraud-theft-embezzlement-sentences-northern-district-of-ohio/) (same district, other offense type) - [Federal Immigration Offense Sentences in the Northern District of Ohio, FY2016–2025](https://www.bodiesburied.com/trends/federal-immigration-sentences-northern-district-of-ohio/) (same district, other offense type) - [U.S. Sentencing Commission, Individual Offender Datafiles](https://www.ussc.gov/research/datafiles/commission-datafiles?ref=bodiesburied.com) (source) - [Federal Judicial Center, Integrated Database (criminal defendants)](https://www.fjc.gov/research/idb?ref=bodiesburied.com) (source) **About the author.** Jocelyn C. Stewart is a retired Army JAG with more than 24 years of trying courts-martial and more than 200 jury trials. She hosts *Where All The Bodies Are Buried* and runs the [Law Office of Jocelyn C. Stewart](https://www.ucmj-defender.com/?ref=bodiesburied.com). This analysis is for education and information only. It is not legal advice, and every case is different.