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# Article 91 (Insubordinate Conduct Toward NCO): Court-Martial Data and Trends
- URL: https://www.bodiesburied.com/trends/article-91-courts-martial/
- Published: 2026-10-28T06:34:44.000Z
- Updated: 2026-10-30T08:22:59.000Z
- Description: Analysis of the 87 Army, Air Force, Navy, and Marine Corps courts-martial in the data that charged Article 91 (Insubordinate conduct toward NCO).
- Author: Jocelyn C. Stewart
- Tags: Understanding Trends, Article 91, #trends-hub

[Trends](https://www.bodiesburied.com/trends/) › [By Offense](https://www.bodiesburied.com/trends/by-offense/) › Article 91

Analysis of the 87 Army, Air Force, Navy, and Marine Corps courts-martial in the data that charged Article 91 (Insubordinate conduct toward NCO).

## By Service

- [Fewer or More? Insubordination Charges at Army Courts-Martial, 2021–2025](https://www.bodiesburied.com/trends/army-article-91-trend-2021-2025/)
- [How Has Article 91 Changed in Air Force Courts-Martial Since 2016?](https://www.bodiesburied.com/trends/air-force-article-91-trend-2016-2025/)
- [How Has Article 91 Changed in Navy-Marine Corps Courts-Martial Since 2017?](https://www.bodiesburied.com/trends/navy-marine-corps-article-91-trend-2017-2025/)

## Sentences

- [What Sentence Follows an Army Insubordination Conviction?](https://www.bodiesburied.com/trends/army-article-91-sent-2021-2025/)
- [How Much Confinement for an Article 91 Conviction in the Air Force?](https://www.bodiesburied.com/trends/air-force-article-91-sent-2016-2025/)
- [What Sentence Follows a Navy-Marine Corps Insubordination Conviction?](https://www.bodiesburied.com/trends/navy-marine-corps-article-91-sent-2017-2025/)

## Contested Cases and Acquittals

- [Not Guilty Pleas in Army Article 91 Cases: What Happened at Trial](https://www.bodiesburied.com/trends/army-article-91-acq-2021-2025/)
- [Fighting a Navy-Marine Corps Insubordination Charge: How Contested Cases Ended](https://www.bodiesburied.com/trends/navy-marine-corps-article-91-acq-2017-2025/)

## Guilty Pleas

- [When Army Accused Plead Guilty to Insubordination](https://www.bodiesburied.com/trends/army-article-91-plea-2021-2025/)

## By Rank

- [Junior Enlisted (E-1 to E-4) Charged Under Article 91 in the Army](https://www.bodiesburied.com/trends/army-article-91-junior-enlisted/)

## Charged Together With Other Articles

- [Articles 128 and 91 in the Same Case: What the Records Show](https://www.bodiesburied.com/trends/article-128-and-article-91-charged-together/)
- [When Article 86 and Article 91 Are Charged Together, How Do Cases End?](https://www.bodiesburied.com/trends/article-86-and-article-91-charged-together/)

## Across the Services

- [Army, Air Force, or Navy-Marine Corps: How Article 91 Cases Compare, 2021–2025](https://www.bodiesburied.com/trends/article-91-across-the-services-2021-2025/)

How this data was built: [methodology and known gaps](https://www.bodiesburied.com/trends/how-the-military-trial-results-data-was-built/).

**About the author.** Jocelyn C. Stewart is a retired Army JAG with more than 24 years of trying courts-martial and more than 200 jury trials. She hosts *Where All The Bodies Are Buried* and runs the [Law Office of Jocelyn C. Stewart](https://www.ucmj-defender.com/?ref=bodiesburied.com). This analysis is for education and information only. It is not legal advice, and every case is different.